So to transpose a melody from C Major to D Major you would look at each note in the melody (written in C Major) and determine its scale degree. Then to transpose that melody to D Major you would simply substitute the note in D Major that corresponded to the same scale degree.
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Read More »Once a melody is composed and written in one key using the notes from said key's corresponding scale, that same melody can then be "transposed" (converted) to any other key that exist in Western music. The process of composing any piece of music follows a strict methodology. Below I will explain the process of transposing any piece of music from one key to another. If a composition is based on the C Major scale it is likely that all of the notes (exceptions are possible) will be found in the key of C. Each note in a given key can be reduced to and defined by what we call corresponding scale degrees. Each diatonic scale in Western Music is comprised of 7 notes. The C Major scale for example contains the following 7 notes - C D E F G A and B (all natural - no sharps or flats). Each note can be defined as representing a particular scale degree. Thus in the foregoing example based on C Major - the First Scale Degree is C. The Second Scale Degree is D. The Third scale degree is E and so on. The D Major scale contains these seven notes: D E F# G A B and C#. Just as in the C Major scale - each of the seven notes in the D Major scale can be referred to by their scale degree. D = 1st - E = 2nd - F# = 3rd and so on. So to transpose a melody from C Major to D Major you would look at each note in the melody (written in C Major) and determine its scale degree. Then to transpose that melody to D Major you would simply substitute the note in D Major that corresponded to the same scale degree. For example if one of the notes in your C Major based melody was E (third scale degree of C Major) the corresponding note in D Major would be F# (third scale degree of D Major). Using this systematic process you can transpose (convert) any melody from one key to any other key. The methodology is exactly the same regardless of the keys involved. I should point out that when transposing from a Major key - you will always transpose to another Major key to maintain the essence of the composition. You can't change a composition from Major to Minor or vice versa and still call it transposing. If your melody contains an "accidental" (note from outside the key) you would modify the corresponding note in your transposition by applying the same value of deviation to the note matching the altered scale degree of the new key. In other words if your original melody was in C Major and one of the notes was F sharp you would "sharpen" the fourth degree note of whatever key you were transposing to. By "sharpen" I mean you would raise its pitch value by one semitone. So if the corresponding note was a flat (ie. B flat is 4th scale degree of the key of F Major) you would "sharpen" it by one half step (one semitone) to a natural (B Natural in the case of the B Flat in the key of F Major). To help visualize how the Major Scales line up numerically with one another and to aid in your own transpositions you might find the chart below (from http://scheater5.blogspot.com) useful. Note this chart is for Major Scales only. You can find similar charts on line for Minor Scales.
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