Piano Guidance
Piano Guidance
Photo: Pixabay
In particular, it is changes in the wooden soundboard that cause a piano's pitch level to change. When your piano is exposed to the dry air in winter, it goes flat, the pitch of the strings gets lower. The opposite is true in the summer when moist humid air causes the pitch level to rise, your piano goes sharp.
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Read More »Changes in humidity and temperature as well as use and time all affect tuning stability. Pianos go out of tune primarily because of changes in humidity. Pianos are mostly made of wood, which absorbs moisture from the air or releases moisture into the air until an equilibrium is reached. When wood absorbs moisture from humid air it expands and changes dimension. When wood releases moisture into dry air, it gets smaller. You have likely noticed this change if you have ever observed wood floors through the seasons. In the winter, when the air is dry from heating, the wooden slats itself get slightly smaller, and the cracks between the wooden slats grow bigger, a gap appears. The opposite is true in the summer. As the slats expand with moisture, the gap disappears or grows smaller. It is this same phenomenon that causes doors or windows to stick in the summer, but then free up in the winter. These same changes in the dimensions of wood in your piano cause it to go out of tune. In particular, it is changes in the wooden soundboard that cause a piano’s pitch level to change. When your piano is exposed to the dry air in winter, it goes flat, the pitch of the strings gets lower. The opposite is true in the summer when moist humid air causes the pitch level to rise, your piano goes sharp. These changes in pitch don’t happen evenly throughout the piano. They tend to be most pronounced in the tenor and lower treble. Since these changes don’t happen evenly, we perceive the piano as out of tune. The humidity level in your home changes most dramatically because of heating. In the winter, your furnace heats the air and dries it out. When you first begin heating in the late fall or early winter, there is a sudden dramatic change in the humidity level in your home. Correspondingly, the tuning of your piano will change noticeably during this transition into the winter heating season, as your piano goes flat. Again, in the spring when you stop heating, the air in your home is no longer being artificially dried by your furnace. Then the humidity level will rise and again the tuning of your piano will noticeably change, as your piano goes sharp. So your piano will go through two distinct cycles each year, with dramatic changes in the tuning of your piano taking place at the onset and end of the heating season.
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Read More »88 keys By the 1890s, today's modern keyboard had become established with 88 keys spanning 7¼ octaves (from 2A to C5; 27.5 Hz to 4,186 Hz*).
The piano that Bartolomeo Cristofori first invented in Italy had only 54 keys. As piano music developed and evolved, the keyboard compass was gradually expanded in response to requests from composers who sought a broader potential for expression. By the 1890s, today's modern keyboard had become established with 88 keys spanning 7¼ octaves (from 2A to C5; 27.5 Hz to 4,186 Hz*). The human ear can hear sounds in the range from approximately 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz, but the upper limit of frequencies that the human brain can discriminate is at the very most around 4,000 Hz. Even if the compass were to be expanded by increasing the number of keys on the piano, to the human ear, the extra notes at the bass end would become nothing more than a rumbling noise, and the added treble notes would be heard as an unpleasant dissonant noise with no sense of being in a tonal range, and thus, musically, would be almost meaningless. Boesendorfer is making 97-key pianos with nine additional keys in the bass segment of the keyboard (2C to C5). However, the strings for these nine keys in the lowest bass segment are really only there to provide a richer sound when other keys are played by resonating with them. In reality, the extra keys themselves are almost never played directly. * When A is tuned to 440 Hz. The pitch of the individual keys will vary depending on the tuning method.
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