The fight-flight-freeze response is your body's natural reaction to danger. It's a type of stress response that helps you react to perceived threats, like an oncoming car or growling dog. The response instantly causes hormonal and physiological changes.
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Read More »The fight-flight-freeze response is your body’s natural reaction to danger. It’s a type of stress response that helps you react to perceived threats, like an oncoming car or growling dog. The response instantly causes hormonal and physiological changes. These changes allow you to act quickly so you can protect yourself. It’s a survival instinct that our ancient ancestors developed many years ago. Specifically, fight-or-flight is an active defense response where you fight or flee. Your heart rate gets faster, which increases oxygen flow to your major muscles. Your pain perception drops, and your hearing sharpens. These changes help you act appropriately and rapidly. Freezing is fight-or-flight on hold, where you further prepare to protect yourself. It’s also called reactive immobility or attentive immobility. It involves similar physiological changes, but instead, you stay completely still and get ready for the next move. Fight-flight-freeze isn’t a conscious decision. It’s an automatic reaction, so you can’t control it. In this article, we’ll further explore what this response entails, along with examples. What’s going on in the body During a fight-flight-freeze response, many physiological changes occur. The reaction begins in your amygdala, the part of your brain responsible for perceived fear. The amygdala responds by sending signals to the hypothalamus, which stimulates the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The ANS consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The sympathetic nervous system drives the fight-or-flight response, while the parasympathetic nervous system drives freezing. How you react depends on which system dominates the response at the time. In general, when your ANS is stimulated, your body releases adrenaline and cortisol, the stress hormone. These hormones are released very quickly, which can affect your: Heart rate. Your heart beats faster to bring oxygen to your major muscles. During freezing, your heart rate might increase or decrease. Your heart beats faster to bring oxygen to your major muscles. During freezing, your heart rate might increase or decrease. Lungs. Your breathing speeds up to deliver more oxygen to your blood. In the freeze response, you might hold your breath or restrict breathing. Your breathing speeds up to deliver more oxygen to your blood. In the freeze response, you might hold your breath or restrict breathing. Eyes. Your peripheral vision increases so you can notice your surroundings. Your pupils dilate and let in more light, which helps you see better. Your peripheral vision increases so you can notice your surroundings. Your pupils dilate and let in more light, which helps you see better. Ears. Your ears “perk up” and your hearing becomes sharper. Your ears “perk up” and your hearing becomes sharper. Blood. Blood thickens, which increases clotting factors. This prepares your body for injury.
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Read More »Blood thickens, which increases clotting factors. This prepares your body for injury. Skin. Your skin might produce more sweat or get cold. You may look pale or have goosebumps. Your skin might produce more sweat or get cold. You may look pale or have goosebumps. Hands and feet. As blood flow increases to your major muscles, your hands and feet might get cold. As blood flow increases to your major muscles, your hands and feet might get cold. Pain perception. Fight-or-flight temporarily reduces your perception of pain. Your specific physiological reactions depend on how you usually respond to stress. You might also shift between fight-or-flight and freezing, but this is very difficult to control. Usually, your body will return to its natural state after 20 to 30 minutes. Psychological explanation While the fight-flight-freeze response causes physiological reactions, it’s triggered by a psychological fear. The fear is conditioned, which means you’ve associated a situation or thing with negative experiences. This psychological response is initiated when you’re first exposed to the situation and develops over time. The thing that you’re scared of is called a perceived threat, or something you consider to be dangerous. Perceived threats are different for each person. When you’re faced with a perceived threat, your brain thinks you’re in danger. That’s because it already considers the situation to be life threatening. As a result, your body automatically reacts with the fight-flight-freeze response to keep you safe. Examples The fight-flight-freeze response can show up in many life situations, including: slamming on the brakes when the car in front of you suddenly stops
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