Where is F1 on a piano?

Piano key number English notation German notation 12 G 1/A 1 ,Gis/,As 11 G1 ,G ~50 Hz 10 F 1/G 1 ,Fis/,Ges 9 F1 ,F 84 more rows

sengpielaudio.com - Note names of musical notes keyboard piano frequencies ...

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What does FFF mean in music?

fortississimo fff ("triple forte"), standing for fortississimo and meaning "very very loud".

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The English and American scientific system versus the German system

Scientific Pitch Notation (SPN), also known as American Standard Pitch Notation

The standard pitch tuning is A4 (A above middle C) − in German-speaking countries it is called a’. The notes have different names. The German system is used also in many other countries, as there are

e.g. Poland, Czech Republic, and Russia.

A "normal" piano has the following dimensions: width 145 to 150 cm, height 115 to 125 cm, depth 52 to 60 cm. A typical "keyboard" has 61 keys today. The sound frequencies of the 88 keys on the piano are:

Piano

key number English

notation German

notation Frequency

Hz 88 C8 - Last tone c - Highest 4186.01 87 B7 h 3951.07 86 A 7/B 7 ais/b 3729.31 85 A7 a 3520.00 84 G 7/A 7 gis/as 3322.44 83 G7 g 3135.96 82 F 7/G 7 fis/ges 2959.96 81 F7 f 2793.83 80 E7 e 2637.02 79 D 7/E 7 dis/es'''' 2489.02 78 D7 d 2349.32 77 C 7/D 7 cis/des 2217.46 76 C7 c 2093.00 75 B6 h 1975.53 74 A 6/B 6 ais/b 1864.66 73 A6 a 1760.00 72 G 6/A 6 gis/as 1661.22 71 G6 g 1567.98 70 F 6/G 6 fis/ges 1479.98 69 F6 f 1396.91 68 E6 e 1318.51 67 D 6/E 6 dis/es 1244.51 66 D6 d 1174.66 65 C 6/D 6 cis/des 1108.73 64 C6 (high C) c 1046.50 63 B5 h 987.767 62 A 5/B 5 ais/b 932.328 61 A5 a 880.000 60 G 5/A 5 gis/as 830.609 59 G5 g 783.991 58 F 5/G 5 fis/ges 739.989 57 F5 f 698.456 56 E5 e 659.255 55 D 5/E 5 dis/es 622.254 54 D5 d 587.330 53 C 5/D 5 c is’’/des’’ 554.365 52 C5 c 523.251 51 B4 h 493.883 50 A 4/B 4 ais/b 466.164 49 A4 concert pitch a Kammerton 440.000 48 G 4/A 4 gis/as' 415.305 47 G4 g 391.995 46 F 4/G 4 fis/ges 369.994 45 F4 f 349.228 44 E4 e 329.628 43 D 4/E 4 dis/es 311.127 42 D4 d 293.665 41 C 4/D 4 cis/des 277.183 40 C4 (middle C) c (Schloss-C) 261.626 39 B3 h 246.942 38 A 3/B 3 ais/b 233.082 37 A3 a 220.000 36 G 3/A 3 gis/as 207.652 35 G3 g 195.998 34 F 3/G 3 fis/ges 184.997 33 F3 f 174.614 32 E3 e 164.814 31 D 3/E 3 dis/es 155.563 30 D3 d 146.832 29 C 3/D 3 cis/des 138.591 28 C3 c 130.813 27 B2 H 123.471 26 A 2/B 2 Ais/B 116.541 25 A2 A 110.000 24 G 2/A 2 Gis/As 103.826 23 G2 G 97.9989 22 F 2/G 2 Fis/Ges 92.4986 21 F2 F 87.3071 20 E2 E 82.4069 19 D 2/E 2 Dis/Es 77.7817 18 D2 D 73.4162 17 C 2/D 2 Cis/Des 69.2957 16 C2 (low C) C 65.4064 15 B1 ,H 61.7354 14 A 1/B 1 ,Ais/,B ~ 60 Hz 58.2705 13 A1 ,A 55.0000 12 G 1/A 1 ,Gis/,As 51.9130 11 G1 ,G ~ 50 Hz 48.9995 10 F 1/G 1 ,Fis/,Ges 46.2493 9 F1 ,F 43.6536 8 E1 ,E 41.2035 7 D 1/E 1 ,Dis/,Es 38.8909 6 D1 ,D 36.7081 5 C 1/D 1 ,Cis/,Des 34.6479 4 C1 ,C 32.7032 3 B0 ,,H 30.8677 2 A 0/B 0 ,,Ais/,,B 29.1353 1 A0 - First tone ,,A - Lowest 27.5000 In the twelve-semitone scale the frequency of the next semitone (halftone) is higher by

the factor of twelfth root of two = 1.0594630943592952645618252949463 or lower by

the factor 0.94387431268169349664191315666757.

A sound engineer should know the following: The AC hum of 50 Hz in Europe is close to the pitch of G1 = 48.99 Hz (49 Hz). The AC hum of 60 Hz in the U.S. is a minor third higher close to the pitch of A 1/B 1 = 58.27 Hz (58 Hz). So you can find out logically, whether a sound recording was made in Europe or in the U.S. A pure tone with the frequency f = 440 Hz has the amplitude function: A = sin (880 π ×t) - where t is given in seconds.

The following equation will give the frequency f of the

n th piano key number, as shown in the table:

Alternatively, this can be written as:

"Middle C" is in any case only approximately in the middle for the modern concert piano. For most other instruments it is not in the middle at all. It is is the lowest note on the standard flute, almost the highest note

on the bassoon. Notationally it is the point of symmetry between the

treble and bass staffs (the current position of the clefs being relatively

modern inventions, and relative to modern human vocal ranges); that is

the only other sense in which it is "in the middle".

Notes and keyboard

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The concert pitch A 4 = a’ on the piano lies in the octave between C 4 = c’ (middle C) and C 5 = c’’. The middle C note as octave C 4 and the next octave C 5 . "Middle C" is designated C 4 in scientific pitch notation with a frequency of 261.6 Hz, because of the note's position as the fourth C key on a standard 88 key piano keyboard. Some manufacturers label the 440 Hz concert pitch not correctly as A3. It is really A4. Cubase, Akai, and ProTools are starting differently at octave −2, or octave 1. That's not the standard. The first tone is the note A0 and that is 27.5 Hz. The classical music world is counting this way. The tuning pitch for the Western music (concert pitch), is 440 Hz. It is named A4 or a’.

Musical note A4: http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=musical+note+A4&lk=1

Name and frequency of the octave positions English A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 German ,, A ,A A a a a a a a Frequency in Hz 27.5 55 110 220 440 880 1760 3520 7040

Numbers of the lowest c note for the respective musical octave.

Ranges of some popular instruments

Instrument Start End guitar E2 E6 seven string guitar B1 E6 cello C2 A6 4-string bass guitar E1 E5 piano A0 C8 piccolo C5 C8 violin G3 E7

All piano keys

Frequencies of the equal temperament − table or chart Octave 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C / B# 16.352 32.703 65.406 130.813 261.626 523.251 1046.502 2093.005 4186.009 8372.018 16744.036 C# / Db 17.324 34.648 69.296 138.591 277.183 554.365 1108.731 2217.461 4434.922 8869.844 17739.688 D 18.354 36.708 73.416 146.832 293.665 587.330 1174.659 2349.318 4698.636 9397.273 18794.545 D# / Eb 19.445 38.891 77.782 155.563 311.127 622.254 1244.508 2489.016 4978.032 9956.063 19912.127 E / Fb 20.602 41.203 82.407 164.814 329.628 659.255 1318.510 2637.020 5274.041 10548.082 - F / E# 21.827 43.654 87.307 174.614 349.228 698.456 1396.913 2793.826 5587.652 11175.303 - F# / Gb 23.125 46.249 92.499 184.997 369.994 739.989 1479.978 2959.955 5919.911 11839.822 - G 24.500 48.999 97.999 195.998 391.995 783.991 1567.982 3135.963 6271.927 12543.854 - G# / Ab 25.957 51.913 103.826 207.652 415.305 830.609 1661.219 3322.438 6644.875 13289.750 - A 27.500 55.000 110.000 220.000 440.000 880.000 1760.000 3520.000 7040.000 14080.000 - A# / Bb 29.135 58.270 116.541 233.082 466.164 932.328 1864.655 3729.310 7458.620 14917.240 - B / Cb 30.868 61.735 123.471 246.942 493.883 987.767 1975.533 3951.066 7902.133 15804.266 -

Comparing the Frequency Ratios for Equal Temperament and Pure Harmonic Series

Size (Measure) of all Steinway Grand Pianos

Type Length Width Height S 155 cm 147 cm 101 cm M 170 cm 147 cm 101 cm O 180 cm 147 cm 101 cm A 188 cm 147 cm 101 cm B 211 cm 148 cm 101 cm C 227 cm 155 cm 101 cm D 274 cm 157 cm 101 cm Pitch Start End Bass 82 Hz 349 Hz Bariton 89 Hz 392 Hz Tenor 131 Hz 494 Hz Alt 175 Hz 699 Hz Soprano 247 Hz 1175 Hz

... and showing the keyboard, and the note names.

Guitar Fret Board with Notes

MIDI note numbers (midi files)

Octave notation is given here in the international standard ISO system, formerly known as the ASA (Acoustical Society of America) or ANSI system. In this system, middle C (MIDI note number 60) is C4; octaves start with C, so the B just below (MIDI number 59) is B3. The lowest note of the normal modern piano is A0 (MIDI 21), though Boesendorfer Imperials go down to F0 or even C0. The highest note of the piano is C8 (MIDI 108). Octave # MIDI Note Numbers C C# D D# E F F# G G# A A# B −1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 0 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 1 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 2 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 3 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 4 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 5 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 6 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 7 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 8 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 9 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 Note: The MIDI specification only defines note number 60 as "Middle C", and all

other notes are relative. The absolute octave number designations shown here

are based on Middle C = C4, which is an arbitrary assignment.

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Method for finding the corresponding MIDI note number for a given frequency:

Original expression f = 440 × 2( n − 69) / 12

Simplification step 1: f / 440 = 2( n − 69) / 12 Simplification step 2: log 2 ( f / 440) = ( n − 69) / 12 Simplification step 3: 12 × log 2 ( f / 440) = n – 69 Formula for finding a MIDI note number given the frequency in Hz of the MIDI note:

n = (12 × log 2 ( f / 440)) + 69

Given the frequency f for a note in Hz, it is possible to find the corresponding MIDI

note number represented by the variable n .

One version of the MIDI system uses C3 to designate Middle C (MIDI note 60 = 261.626 Hz). That means that the octave designation for MIDI note "0" would be "-2" or notated as C-2. Another version of the MIDI system uses the lowest note available to the MIDI system. MIDI note 1 = 8.176 Hz to designate Octave "0" with the notation of C0. "Middle C" is the MIDI note 60 = 261.626 Hz. That is octave 4 with the notation of C4.

MIDI Notes and their corresponding frequencies

The frequency 261.626 Hz = C4 (middle C),

and not C5 or C3, how some firms try to explain us; look at:

http://www.music.vt.edu/musicdictionary/appendix/octaveregisters/octaveregisters.html

Note MIDI Hz Note MIDI Hz Note MIDI Hz Note MIDI Hz C - 0 8.176 G# 1 32 51.913 E 4 64 329.63 C 7 96 2093.0 C# - 1 8.662 A 1 33 55.000 F 4 65 349.23 C# 7 97 2217.5 D - 2 9.177 A# 1 34 58.270 F# 4 66 369.99 D 7 98 2349.3 D# - 3 9.723 B 1 35 61.735 G 4 67 391.99 D# 7 99 2489.0 E - 4 10.301 C 2 36 65.406 G# 4 68 415.31 E 7 100 2637.0 F - 5 10.913 C# 2 37 69.295 A 4 69 440.00 F 7 101 2793.8 F# - 6 11.562 D 2 38 73.416 A# 4 70 466.16 F# 7 102 2960.0 G - 7 12.250 D# 2 39 77.781 B 4 71 493.88 G 7 103 3136.0 G# - 8 12.978 E 2 40 82.406 C 5 72 523.25 G# 7 104 3322.4 A - 9 13.750 F 2 41 87.307 C# 5 73 554.37 A 7 105 3520.0 A# - 10 14.568 F# 2 42 92.499 D 5 74 587.33 A# 7 106 3729.3 B - 11 15.434 G 2 43 97.998 D# 5 75 622.25 B 7 107 3951.1 C 0 12 16.352 G# 2 44 103.82 E 5 76 659.26 C 8 108 4186.0 C# 0 13 17.324 A 2 45 110.00 F 5 77 698.46 C# 8 109 4434.9 D 0 14 18.354 A# 2 46 116.54 F# 5 78 739.99 D 8 110 4698.6 D# 0 15 19.445 B 2 47 123.47 G 5 79 783.99 D# 8 111 4978.0 E 0 16 20.601 C 3 48 130.81 G# 5 80 830.61 E 8 112 5274.0 F 0 17 21.826 C# 3 49 138.59 A 5 81 880.00 F 8 113 5587.7 F# 0 18 23.124 D 3 50 146.83 A# 5 82 932.32 F# 8 114 5919.9 G 0 19 24.499 D# 3 51 155.56 B 5 83 987.77 G 8 115 6271.9 G# 0 20 25.956 E 3 52 164.81 C 6 84 1046.5 G# 8 116 6644.9 A 0 21 27.50 F 3 53 174.61 C# 6 85 1108.7 A 8 117 7040.0 A# 0 22 29.135 F# 3 54 184.99 D 6 86 1174.7 A# 8 118 7458.6 B 0 23 30.867 G 3 55 195.99 D# 6 87 1244.5 B 8 119 7902.1 C 1 24 32.703 G# 3 56 207.65 E 6 88 1318.5 C 9 120 8372.0 C# 1 25 34.648 A 3 57 220.00 F 6 89 1396.9 C# 9 121 8869.8 D 1 26 36.708 A# 3 58 233.08 F# 6 90 1480.0 D 9 122 9397.3 D# 1 27 38.890 B 3 59 246.94 G 6 91 1568.0 D# 9 123 9956.1 E 1 28 41.203 C 4 60 261.63 G# 6 92 1661.2 E 9 124 10548.1 F 1 29 43.653 C# 4 61 277.18 A 6 93 1760.0 F 9 125 11175.3 F# 1 30 46.249 D 4 62 293.66 A# 6 94 1864.7 F# 9 126 11839.8 G 1 31 48.999 D# 4 63 311.13 B 6 95 1975.5 G 9 127 12543.9