What's the best polar pattern?

Cardioid. The most commonly used polar pattern is most sensitive at 0° and least sensitive at 180°. You cannot go wrong using this for most recording applications. It is easy to get a dry signal as the cardioid pattern blends out a bad sounding room, a noisy fan in the background, etc.

lewitt-audio.com - Microphone polar patterns - LEWITT

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Cardioid

The most commonly used polar pattern is most sensitive at 0° and least sensitive at 180°.

You cannot go wrong using this for most recording applications.

It is easy to get a dry signal as the cardioid pattern blends out a bad sounding room, a noisy fan in the background, etc.

Supercardioid

Supercardioid is more directive than a cardioid pattern having a bit more side and a bit less rear rejection. It is advantageous in live situations as it allows for very high gain before feedback. It also keeps the signal very dry; you get mainly the direct signal from your sound source.

Omnidirectional

The omni pattern has the same sensitivity to sound pressure coming from any direction. An omni pattern provides the best bass response, flattest frequency response, and is the least sensitive to handling or wind noise in comparison to all other polar patterns.

It will shine in good sounding rooms and time-based stereo recordings.

It picks up very high frequencies with more directivity leading to higher side rejection of the signal for these frequencies (this effect turns the omni into figure-8 at the 16 kHz mark). Recordings that were done in a bad sounding room using an omni polar pattern might not lead to a satisfying result. In most live situations where the picked-up signal is monitored and played back through the PA, feedback can be an issue.

Figure-8

The figure-8 pattern has the same sensitivity at 0° and 180°; it is the least sensitive at 90° and 270°. It is often used for various stereo recording techniques (Mid Side, Blumlein). It can also be beneficial in situations where you do not want a signal coming from a 90° angle to bleed into the microphone. It has the highest side rejection of all polar patterns making it very useful to deal with signals bleeding into the microphone coming from the side. In live recording situations, you can achieve dry recordings although many instruments are recorded in the same room at the same time. In comparison to all other polar patterns, it has the least bass response, and it is the most sensitive to wind and handling noise.

Wide Cardioid

A mix between omni and cardioid with all their characteristics.

This polar pattern is ideal for recording a group of instruments, like a string quartet, for example. It is also suitable for natural-sounding vocal recordings that need little proximity effect.

Some microphones offer multi-pattern functionality, learn here Why you need a multi-pattern microphone?

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I do NOT tip. At our old gym each coach set their own rate and you paid them directly. I don't know if they even paid a share to the gym or not. At our new gym the gym sets the rate; but you pay the coach directly still. It is my understanding that the coaches pay the gym $10 per hour for using the facility for a private, which still leaves the coaches with $40 in their pocket for that hour. Not bad money. For ski lessons I do tip our instructors; but that is because I pay the ski school and they pay the instructors a small portion of what I had to pay.

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