What scales to play over a blues?

Start with a scale shape The minor pentatonic scale is a fantastic scale to jam over a 12-bar blues with, but by adding a few more notes you can infuse your blues with the slick sounds of virtuoso blues-meisters such as Joe Bonamassa, Robben Ford and more.

musicradar.com - Guitar skills: how to solo over a 12-bar blues chord progression

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Guitar skills (opens in new tab): Whether you’re a seasoned improviser or a jam-session novice, you can always refresh those 12-bar blues licks. We get jamming over the staple progression…

Start with a scale shape

A minor pentatonic scale with extra blues notes

The minor pentatonic scale is a fantastic scale to jam over a 12-bar blues with, but by adding a few more notes you can infuse your blues with the slick sounds of virtuoso blues-meisters such as Joe Bonamassa, Robben Ford and more. Practise the basic minor pentatonic scale first (black dots are root notes; red dots are other scale notes). When you get a feel for this, try adding in the extra non-scale notes that we’ve highlighted in green.

12-bar blues chord progression

| A7 / / / | / / / / | / / / / | / / / / | | D7 / / / | / / / / | A7 / / / | / / / / | | E7 / / / | D7 / / / | A7 / / / | / / E7 / || This is the progression you’ll be playing over. It’s the most common form of the 12-bar blues, but it is common in music to see the arrangement of chords moved about a bit. Notice that there are only three chords throughout: A7, D7 and E7 (a I-IV-V in the key of A). We've provided a backing track for you to jam over.

Backing track

The opener (I chord)

This lick is played over an A7 chord. Solos tend to sound much better if you can land on a note from the backing chords, so, in this case, we’re adding a 6th fret C# note from the A7 - all the rest of the notes come from the minor pentatonic scale.

The change (IV chord)

Although the chord has changed to D7 here, the A minor pentatonic notes all still work. Make a feature of the chord change by adding the major 6 interval, which is on the 4th fret of the fourth string. This is a fantastic note to add when playing over a IV chord.

The peak (V chord)

The V chord is the point at which the 12-bar blues is at it’s most tense, so why not make the most of the tension and make the solo even more dramatic? The b5th interval sounds great over a 12-bar blues, especially if you save it for the V chord.

The turnaround

The final two bars of a 12-bar blues are known as a ‘turnaround’. This is the point that we prepare to go back to the start of the loop and start the next phase of the solo. Most blues players have a collection of ‘turnaround’ licks that round off their solos.

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Should you memorize sheet music?

To prepare for a performance, and to develop your memory, memorization is important. This allows you to put more feeling into the performance, and to improvise a bit if appropriate. It is difficult to "perform" if you are only focused on the sheet music.

music.stackexchange.com - Is it better practice to read straight from sheet music rather than memorize it?

As topo says, both are excellent skills to have. There are times when being able to play something accurately (and musically) straight from the dots is what's needed. Some musos earn good money using that particular skill - in recording studios, for example, where time is expensive. Others will take time learning something, and be able to play it from memory. With some people, this happens as a natural course. It paid off for me on several occasions when my stand was knocked over, or the wind blew the charts all over the place. It also means that you, as a performer, can be more than someone whose head is stuck in the music - you can interact with the audience (or even those playing with you) which is all but impossible when sight-reading for the first time, however well you do it. So, yes, your teacher is providing great bases for you and your playing. Well done! I'd take it even further, and encourage you to play something, then want you to continue in the same vein, without the music, and before you've memorised it. Sort of improvisation on the spot - busking, if you like. Another useful skill, that's often not within the remit.

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