More versatile compounds such as polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) began to emerge, replacing bakelite in many of its applications, including some of those for which it was originally invented.
The darkest scale is the double harmonic major scale which is just a major scale with a flat 2nd and a flat 6th.
Read More »Banks co-founded Genesis in 1967 while studying at Charterhouse. He was their keyboardist and one of their principal songwriters and lyricists. He...
Read More »Humans have manufactured a total of 8.3 billion tons of plastics, a mass equivalent to almost 160,000 ships like the Titanic. Only 9% of this amount is recycled, while 12% is incinerated and 79% ends up in landfills. Plastic pollution has become one of the most-pressing environmental problems of our age, requiring intensified efforts not only to recycle, but also to reduce its use and replace it with other more sustainable materials. But this much-needed battle against its shortcomings should not make us forget that we owe a great deal to plastic in our modern world; if we enjoy numerous comforts today it is largely thanks to a history that began in 1907 with the invention of the first synthetic plastic, bakelite. Today we associate bakelite with those old black telephones that were used in the past. Yet it became so ubiquitous that even its inventor fell short when describing it as “the material of a thousand uses.” In the nineteenth century, the expansion of industrialisation called for new mouldable materials that would allow the manufacture of all kinds of articles. Chemists already knew about polymers, compounds formed by chains of repeated units that lent themselves to this type of manipulation, but those present in nature were not satisfactory. In 1870, the American John Wesley Hyatt chemically modified cellulose, a polymer found in plants, to produce celluloid, the first plastic. Hyatt created the material to qualify for a $10,000 prize offered by a New York billiard ball manufacturer to offer a substitute for the then scarce ivory, but celluloid ended up being used for a variety of objects, including rolls of film for which we know it today. However, a particularly critical application required newer materials. In the 19th century, electrical cables were insulated using shellac, a natural resin secreted by the lac bug Kerria lacca, a small red insect found in Southeast Asia. The shellac was used for the manufacture of other objects such as 78 RPM gramophone discs. But it was easy to foresee that a material obtained from such a limited and inaccessible source would end up being scarce, and at the beginning of the 20th century the need arose to look for an alternative.
Take a look at the list below. Chronic Dermatitis. Skin irritation can happen easily for people who play instruments. ... Cramp or Loss of Muscle...
Read More »Musically, it is a five-part rondo with the form ABACA. It is in the key of A minor, which gives it a sad or wistful sound, full of regret and...
Read More »At the time, various scientists had observed that the mixture of the organic substances phenol and formaldehyde produced a hard and apparently useless material that ruined laboratory containers. But some of them saw a promising future for these phenolic resins, the first synthetic plastics. The first scientist to come up with the right formula was New York-based Belgian chemist Leo Baekeland (November 14, 1863 – February 23, 1944), who had already made a fortune selling Kodak his invention of the first commercial photographic paper, Velox. In 1907 he applied for a patent for his new compound, polyoxybenzylmethylenglycolanhydride, which he called Bakelite. Bakelite was the first commercial plastic that was completely synthetic, hot-mouldable and, once cooled, produced a hard material that was resistant to heat, electricity and solvents. Its application as an electrical insulator was immediate, but its uses soon began to proliferate. “Its impact was felt across a whole variety of industries, ranging from the production of umbrella handles and pipe stems to the automobile, electrical, and radio industries,” explains Joris Mercelis, science and technology historian at Johns Hopkins University and author of the forthcoming book Beyond Bakelite: Leo Baekeland and the Business of Science and Invention (MIT Press, 2020). Particularly relevant was the use of bakelite for specific components whose requirements matched perfectly with the properties of the new material, such as the distributor cap of automobiles, the base of radio tubes or the insulating plates on which parts were mounted, explains Jeffrey Meikle, historian of culture and design at the University of Texas (USA) and author of American Plastic: A Cultural History (Rutgers University Press, 1995). “Even now, phenolic resins are a staple in so-called stealth aircraft,” he tells OpenMind.
Fingerstyle guitar is the technique of playing the guitar or bass guitar by plucking the strings directly with the fingertips, fingernails, or...
Read More »Lastly, you can play a number of multi-chords in the piano – a feat not available on a guitar. To summarize the answer, yes, piano chords and...
Read More »In 1990, a global treaty was signed, banning trade in all kinds of rhino or elephant ivory. Pianos with ivory keys are no longer manufactured, but...
Read More »Seven Easy Piano Songs for Beginners Twinkle Twinkle. Twinkle Twinkle Little Star is always popular, especially with young students, but adults who...
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Read More »Also, it is possible to skip Practical Piano Grades 1-4 without any repercussions; however, according to the ABRSM guidelines, the Grade 5 theory...
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