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What does American basswood look like?

wildflower.org - Tilia americana (American basswood) | Native Plants of North America

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Tilia americana

Tilia americana L.

American Basswood, American Linden, Lime Tree, Bee Tree

Synonym(s):

USDA Symbol: TIAM

USDA Native Status: L48 (N), CAN (NI)

American basswood is a stately, wide-spreading tree, 60-80 ft. tall, occasionally growing taller. Conical in its younger form, the crown becomes rounded with age. Broadly oval leaves sometimes change to yellow in fall but often turn brown and become somewhat unsightly. This deciduous tree tends to sprout at the base, producing a clump of tall trees around what was the original tree. Flowers are inconspicuous but fragrant. Large tree with long trunk and a dense crown of many small, often drooping branches and large leaves; frequently has two or more trunks, and sprouts in a circle from a stump. American Basswood, the northernmost basswood species, is a handsome shade and street tree. When flowering, the trees are full of bees, hence the name "Bee-tree"; this species is favored by bees over others and produces a strongly flavored honey. The soft, light wood is especially useful for making food boxes, yardsticks, furniture, and pulpwood. Indians made ropes and woven mats from the tough fibrous inner bark.

Plant Characteristics Duration: Perennial

Habit: Tree

Leaf Retention: Deciduous

Leaf Complexity: Simple

Fruit Type: Samara

Size Notes: Up to about 100 feet tall.

Leaf: Green

Autumn Foliage: yes

Fruit: Tan brown

Up to about 100 feet tall.GreenyesTan brown

Bloom Information Bloom Color: Yellow

Bloom Time: Apr , May , Jun , Jul

Bloom Notes: The fragrant, creamy-yellowy flowers are borne on

YellowApr , May , Jun , JulThe fragrant, creamy-yellowy flowers are borne on axillary cymes with partially adnate foliaceous bracts. Distribution USA: AL , AR , CT , DC , DE , FL , GA , IA , IL , IN , KS , KY , LA , MA , MD , ME , MI , MN , MO , MS , NC , ND , NE , NH , NJ , NY , OH , OK , PA , RI , SC , SD , TN , TX , VA , VT , WI , WV

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Canada: MB , NB , ON , QC

Native Distribution: S. Que. to s.e. Man. & e. ND, s. to w. NC, TN, LA & e. TX, with disjunct populations in central Texas

Native Habitat: Upland,

AL , AR , CT , DC , DE , FL , GA , IA , IL , IN , KS , KY , LA , MA , MD , ME , MI , MN , MO , MS , NC , ND , NE , NH , NJ , NY , OH , OK , PA , RI , SC , SD , TN , TX , VA , VT , WI , WVMB , NB , ON , QCS. Que. to s.e. Man. & e. ND, s. to w. NC, TN, LA & e. TX, with disjunct populations in central TexasUpland, deciduous woods; north & east slopes of mesic ravines

Growing Conditions Water Use: Medium

Light Requirement: Sun , Part Shade , Shade

Soil Moisture: Dry , Moist

Soil pH: Circumneutral (pH 6.8-7.2)

CaCO3 Tolerance: Low

Soil Description: Moist, rich, well-drained, loamy soils.

Conditions Comments: American lindens are used as specimen plants because of their attractive form, leaves and fragrant flowers. The dense shade they create limits ground cover options. The species is susceptible to a variety of disease and insect problems. Foliage-feeding insects are a particular nuisance. Trees grow at a medium to fast rate. Benefit Use Medicinal: A hot bath with basswood flowers, followed by a cup of linden-flower tea, is said to soothe cold symptoms and enhance sleep. The flowers are also used in beauty products. (Kershaw)

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Use Other:

Conspicuous Flowers: yes

Fragrant Flowers: yes

Attracts: Birds

A hot bath with basswood flowers, followed by a cup of linden-flower tea, is said to soothe cold symptoms and enhance sleep. The flowers are also used in beauty products. (Kershaw) Native peoples and settlers soaked the inner bark in water to separate its tough fibres, which were then used to make ropes, nets, mats, shoes, clothing and thread. Some tribes carved ritual masks on living trees, then split the masks away to hollow and dry the inside. If the tree survived, the mask was believed to have supernatural powers. (Kershaw)yesyesBirds Propagation Description: Untreated seeds germinate in 2-3 years. Seeds germinate most easily if fruits are collected as they first turn slightly brown and are planted immediately. Mechanical or chemical pretreatment of the hard pericarp and seed coat hastens germination. Seed Collection: Seeds germinate most easily if fruits are collected as they first turn slightly brown. For storage, dry seeds and store at room temperature up to two years. Seed Treatment: Scarify mechanically or soak in concentrated sulfuric acid and moist chill for 3 months.

Find Seed or Plants View propagation protocol from Native Plants Network.

From the National Organizations Directory According to the species list provided by Affiliate Organizations, this plant is on display at the following locations:

- Hockessin, DE

FNA: Find

Google: Search Google for

Find Tilia americana in USDA PlantsFind Tilia americana in the Flora of North America (if available)Search Google for Tilia americana

wildflower.org - Tilia americana (American basswood) | Native Plants of North America

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