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What age is the peak of intelligence?

The European study, which was released this week, found evidence that we tend to hit our cognitive maximum around age 35 and remain there until about age 45, at which point a long, slow decline takes hold.

Why is ivory so valuable?
Why is ivory so valuable?

Q: What makes ivory so precious? It has no intrinsic value, but its cultural uses make ivory highly prized. In Africa, it has been a status symbol...

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Did EVH use distortion?
Did EVH use distortion?

Over the years, Eddie left his mark as one of the most remarkable Hard Rock guitarists ever. Unlike many others, he never actually relied on...

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TORONTO -- New research into humans’ mental abilities suggests the oldest millennials have already hit their peak brain performance while most Generation Xers are experiencing cognitive decline. The European study, which was released this week, found evidence that we tend to hit our cognitive maximum around age 35 and remain there until about age 45, at which point a long, slow decline takes hold. This evidence comes not from biological or genetic research, but from something much more mundane: historical data from chess matches. The world of professional chess has been meticulously documented for a long time, with easily accessible move-by-move recordings of important matches dating back to the 19th century. The researchers went through the files of every professional match played by every world chess champion dating back to 1890 – 24,000 matches in all – and compared how the champions and their opponents moved their pieces to the moves modern chess computers would make if presented with the same position. Chess skill has strong credibility with scientists as a measure of cognitive function. Psychologists and neuroscientists use it for this purpose, and the study notes that there is “mounting evidence” that strong chess performance suggests both inherent cognitive talent and the ability to learn from experience. Beyond that, the researchers felt their approach was especially useful because it is rare to find objective proof of what a person would do in the same situation at different ages, even rarer for that data to be comparable to an objective outcome such as a “best” chess move, and rarer still for it to cover many different people over more than a century. Their database meets each of these criteria. The results showed a clear hump shape, with chess skill rapidly improving through childhood and adolescence. Smaller improvements are still noticeable from age 20 until what the researchers described as a “peak” begins at age 35. The peak lasts until roughly age 45, at which point chess skill – and, the study theorizes, overall mental performance – begins a marked decline. This matches past scientific estimates of when humans reach their cognitive maximum, although the researchers say those previous studies were limited by shorter observation periods than the chess data is able to provide. Not all mental abilities decline at the same time, however. While so-called “fluid intelligence” – tasks related to information processing, speed and visualization – does drop off steadily as we age, “crystallized intelligence” – tasks based on experience and accumulated knowledge – continues to increase until at least age 50. The new findings suggest that although we are worse at quickly understanding and processing data in our 20s and 30s than we are in our younger years, this is more than offset by our gains in the wisdom that comes from experience – at least when it comes to chess. By the age of 45, though, we are not gaining enough crystallized experience to make up for the continued losses in fluid intelligence. The study was published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America.

Is middle C C1 or C4?
Is middle C C1 or C4?

Middle C (the fourth C key from left on a standard 88-key piano keyboard) is designated C4 in scientific pitch notation, and c′ in Helmholtz pitch...

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What makes a guitar a dreadnought?
What makes a guitar a dreadnought?

Answer: A dreadnought guitar is a design invented by C.F. Martin & Company and it features a bolder and much larger body than other guitars have,...

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Join almost HALF A MILLION Happy Students Worldwide
Join almost HALF A MILLION Happy Students Worldwide

Pianoforall is one of the most popular online piano courses online and has helped over 450,000 students around the world achieve their dream of playing beautiful piano for over a decade.

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Do musicians have better lung capacity?

Wind instrumentalists generally have much greater lung function than non-instrumentalists, proving that the constant training of lungs does make a difference.

Wind instrument and vocal musicians perform respiratory exercises repetitively during practice and at an elevated level during performances. Therefore, one of the most crucial aspects of their abilities is the management of air. These types of musicians have historically spent countless hours training with their instruments (considering a vocalist’s voice as their instrument). As is true of any athlete training for their specific event (running, swimming, bicycling, etc.), musicians need to focus on improving their abilities for the event they are competing in (lungs for creating music). Wind instrumentalists generally have much greater lung function than non-instrumentalists, proving that the constant training of lungs does make a difference. Further, they tend to have a high degree of voluntary control over breathing due to the regulation of air flow and pressure to optimize their sound production abilities.

What is thick music?
What is thick music?

These parts can be instruments, singers, or a combination of both. In general, the texture of music can be thin or thick, thin texture being music...

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Should you look at keys when playing piano?
Should you look at keys when playing piano?

The short answer to that last question is: YES! It's perfectly acceptable and normal for a pianist to look at their hands while they play. An...

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What happens if you copy a key that says do not copy?
What happens if you copy a key that says do not copy?

Have you ever needed to copy a key, but noticed the “DO NOT DUPLICATE” inscription on it? You probably wondered if it is illegal to duplicate the...

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What does +7 mean in a chord?
What does +7 mean in a chord?

A dominant seventh chord, or major-minor seventh chord is a chord composed of a root, major third, perfect fifth, and minor seventh. It can be also...

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