Do rhino horns feel pain?

"The keratin in rhino horn is much more densely packed than in finger nails so it has to be cut with a chainsaw," she said. The rhino's horn bed - where there are nerves and blood vessels just as there are in a human nail bed - is left well alone.

news24.com - Does it hurt a rhino when it gets dehorned? - News24

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Harare - Is it painful for a rhino to be dehorned?

No, says a wildlife vet who's involved in an ambitious dehorning exercise in Zimbabwe. "It's like having your nails filed," says Lisa Marabini of the AWARE Trust. "As long as you don't cut into the horn bed it is not painful for the animal," she told News24 in an interview. Zimbabwe is in the process of dehorning all rhinos living in the country's national parks, she added. That doesn't necessarily mean all of Zimbabwe's estimated 700-800 black and white rhinos (since some live in private conservancies) but it does mean a significant number.

AWARE has just finished dehorning roughly half of them.

Heavy-duty tool

Last year poachers killed 50 rhinos in Zimbabwe.

Of course, says Marabini, you can't use a simple nail file to dehorn a rhino: in fact, the horn has to be cut off with a much more heavy-duty tool. "The keratin in rhino horn is much more densely packed than in finger nails so it has to be cut with a chainsaw," she said. The rhino's horn bed - where there are nerves and blood vessels just as there are in a human nail bed - is left well alone. The operation is done under anaesthetic, which obviously carries its own risk "but every precaution is taken to minimise the risk," she said. This level of care comes at a significant cost: Marabini puts it at between $800 and $1 200 US per rhino. The operation is most expensive when vets and conservationists are working in very bushy terrain. In those conditions, Marabini says they need "a fixed wing aircraft with a spotter to keep an eye on the rhino, as well as a helicopter to dart from."

Significant protective effect

Dehorning rhinos to put off poachers is not a new step in Zimbabwe: it has been happening since the early 1990s here. It was one of a cocktail of measures introduced as poaching took an enormous toll on what had been a thriving population of rhinos in Zimbabwe. Government estimates from the mid-1980s put the figure of black rhinos alone in Zimbabwe at as many as 3 000, although at least one expert has suggested the total was more likely around 2,000. The total number of black rhinos in Zimbabwe dipped to as low as 300, though it has climbed since then. While dehorning rhinos has had a significant protective effect on populations in parts of the region, other anti-poaching methods may be considered particularly when conservationists are trying to protect large numbers of rhinos living in large areas.

Drones are one such method.

Zimbabwe has recently acquired drones to help fight elephant poaching in the west of the country, it was reported last month.

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When did elephant tusk become illegal?

Here are the facts. African elephants declined in massive numbers in the 1970s and 1980s because of poaching for the illegal ivory trade. So the international trade was banned by CITES in 1989.

worldwildlife.org - Elephant Ivory | Pages | WWF - World Wildlife Fund

It takes a whole elephant to make a little ivory. Your purchase has just cost the life of one of the most mystical and majestic creatures on earth. These carved picture frames are just one of the many items that come from the ivory tusks of elephants. The ivory trade is a complicated issue and most trade is illegal. Still, you can find ivory in markets around Africa and Asia, and even in the US and Europe. Here are the facts. African elephants declined in massive numbers in the 1970s and 1980s because of poaching for the illegal ivory trade. So the international trade was banned by CITES in 1989. Some elephant populations have begun to recover, but poaching continues to be a problem in many areas. CITES allowed a limited export of ivory stocks to Japan in 1999, but only from certain African countries (Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe) where elephants are relatively numerous. It is still illegal to bring ivory back to the United States. Unsuspecting tourists often come across ivory and think it is legal. And some say if the elephant's already dead, why not buy the item, right? Wrong. If people keep buying these products the illegal trade will continue, and poachers will keep killing for more. NOTE: This page refers specifically to elephant ivory. While many people outside the Arctic often associate ivory with elephants, the term is also used for items that come from other species, and has different stipulations. Learn more.

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