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Do musicians have high IQ?

Participants were asked to complete several tests, one of which was the WAIS-II intelligence test. Musicians had a higher IQ than amateur musicians, who, in turn, had a higher IQ than non-musicians. However, only the higher IQ of musicians was substantially larger than that of non-musicians.

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Explanation of the results; studies that compare the intelligence of adult musicians and non-musicians We saw that young musicians tend to be more intelligent than young non-musicians. Although we can’t conclude that music training boosts intelligence, the results are indeed interesting. And there is a particular result we didn’t stress so much: the fact that the relationship seems weaker when the age of the participant is older. Let’s stop here for a second and assume that music training does improve your intelligence and that, as the literature suggests, it does it in a linear way: the longer you undergo music training, the smarter you become. If this were true, what should we expect when the training takes several years? Then we should expect more and more intelligence. In practice, since it takes years to become a musician and because the music training seems to boost intelligence the more you train, we should expect that in adulthood, musicians should be much more intelligent than non-musicians.

So, are you an adult musician? Do you think you are much more intelligent than your peers? Do you know any adult musicians? Do you think they are more intelligent than their peers?

Susanne Brandler and Thomas Rammsayer asked exactly these questions and investigated whether adult musicians would perform better in an intelligence test than adult non-musicians. Musicians and non-musicians were adults with an age ranging from 25 to 30 years of age. Interestingly, musicians had all received musical training as instrumentalists for at least 14 years. Both groups were asked to complete the Cattell’s Culture Free Intelligence Test. The results revealed no difference in intelligence between musicians and non-musicians, but a few differences between musicians and non-musicians could be observed only in a limited number of subscales of the test: verbal memory was significantly better in musicians than in non-musicians; in contrast, non-musicians were superior with regard to performance on reasoning tasks. In a more recent study, Criscuolo and colleagues (Criscuolo et al. 2019) conducted a similar investigation. The authors recruited a group of participants that was divided among non-musicians, amateur musicians, and musicians as a function of the number of years of music training received by the participant. Participants had an average age of 28-29 years and musicians had an average of 21 years of music practice. Participants were asked to complete several tests, one of which was the WAIS-II intelligence test. Musicians had a higher IQ than amateur musicians, who, in turn, had a higher IQ than non-musicians. However, only the higher IQ of musicians was substantially larger than that of non-musicians. In brief, it may be possible that music training boosts intelligence but the results gathered on the effects of music training across various age groups seem mixed at best. At a young age, music training seems to have a clear relationship with intelligence. At an older age, the results seem more confused. This last result is problematic because adult musicians have many and many years of music training on their shoulders so here, after many years we should clearly see an effect of the music training on intelligence. In contrast, the effect of music training seems larger at a much smaller age.

References

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Most of the readers of my blog are probably already aware of the differences shared above. That is why we will dive into a deeper, more detailed answer to the question below. First, you need to know that guitars and violins can be divided into many different types. There are acoustic guitars, electric guitars, semi-acoustic guitars. There are many different types of violins too, such as electric, modern and baroque violins. No matter what type of instrument you are comparing, some main differences apply no matter what specific type of guitar or violin you are comparing. I ordered these into four categories: structure, sound, playing style, and price.

Guitar vs Violin: Structural Differences

Let’s have a look at the structural differences! Because guitars and violins are uniquely designed, they each produce a different sound and require a different playing style. Let’s dive into the major differences between both!

1. A Violin Has 4 Strings, a Guitar has 6 Strings

The guitar has a total range of six strings (E-A-D-G-B-E) and the strings are usually thicker. The violin has four strings (G-D-A-E). Because of the more rigid strings, it can be harder to keep the guitar strings down. This is especially the case when you are playing the guitar with steel strings. That is why many beginning guitar players struggle with pain in their fingers when they first start playing. Violin players sometimes struggle with the same problems. However, this normally happens when practicing for many hours.

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